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Abstract | Full Text PDF

The purpose of this paper is to explain the methodology of National Turkey Nutrition and Health Survey (TNHS) – 2010. The survey was conducted with the aim of providing the necessary data on nutrition and health to plan and develop related food, nutrition and health policies in Turkey and the study was conducted in collaboration with Ministry of Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, and Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital.
TNHS sample was designed as a weighted, multi-stage, stratified cluster sample. To stratify the sample, TNHS adopted the stratification approach used in the 2008 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey that allows making estimates nation-wide and for the 5 regions, the 12 NUTS-1 regions, and the 7 metropolitans. Survey provided detailed information on dietary intake, physical examination including clinical and biochemical variables, physical activity status and anthropometric measurements. The survey sample was designed to represent the population of Turkey in age groups of 0-5 and 6 years,
the baseline nutrition and health status and blood and urine tests of 6 year-old individuals.

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This study investigated the antibacterial activity of nine aqueous plant extracts (bitter fennel, black tea, ginger, turmeric, nutmeg, coriander, cubeb, dry black lemon and senna), some sterilizers and some Hand Sanitizers against bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat), with the aim of sterilizing the contaminated hand with meat, where the results showed that the sterilizers used had variant effects against obtained bacteria from this experiment, and also showed the antibacterial activity of aqueous plant extracts against these bacteria, where Black dry lime and Senna extracts had a strong antibacterial activity against both bacteria in this study, while Nutmeg extract had a weak antibacterial activity, the other extracts did not have any effect against these two bacteria.
It appeared from the well diffusion technique that Black dry lime inhibited E. coli and S. aureus and the inhibition zones were (30, 29, 25, 15, and 9) mm and (33, 30, 30, 25 and 20) mm respectively at (100, 75, 50, 25 and 12.5) %, and the inhibition zone was 22 mm for Senna against E. coli at 100%, while Nutmeg inhibited S. aureus at the concentration 100% and the inhibition zone was 17 mm. The MIC was determined for all extracts against both bacteria, and S. aureus in general was more susceptible comparing with E. coli.

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The frequency of Helicobacter pylori in children with malignancy was evaluate in the present study.
Among 51 children included in the study, 29 children were in malignancy group (79.3% of them having positive one step diagnostic test),while 22 children were control group (54.5% of them having positive one step diagnostic test).h.pylori infection was significantly higher in the malignancy group comparedto the control group (P<0.05); 44.8% having positive culture for H.pylori,while only 18.2% of control having positive culture for H.pylori. the results showing that there is no significant association between H.pylori and the type of cancer with P > 0.05. And there is a significant association between H.pylori and age more than 5 years with p< 0.05 which is statistically significant among patient groups. The results also showed that there is no significant association between H.pylori and sex among both patient and control groups with P> 0.05.

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The present study aimed to analyze the Pap smear for cytopathological evaluation in a hospital based community at National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM), Bangalore.
A retrospective study was conducted at pathology laboratory, NIUM from June 2010 and June 2012. A total of 700 married women were included aged 18-70 years with abnormal vaginal discharge and who had come for cervical cancer screening. The Pap smears were obtained by using conventional technique and were evaluated using The Bethesda system 2001. The data was analyzed statistically.
The overall Pap smears analysis showed 18.2%, 1.2%, 67.1% and 1.8% of normal, inadequate, inflammatory and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) respectively. Of 67.1% of inflammatory smear, 8.2%, 35.7% and 23.1% were mild, moderate and severe inflammatory smear respectively. The inflammatory smears in Muslims and Hindus were found in 68% and 64% respectively. The low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was observed in 1.4% and 3% among Muslims and Non-Muslims respectively. The mean age was 34.69±9.15 years and most of the women were in reproductive age group.
In this study, the epithelial cell abnormality (LSIL) was found to be low in Muslims than Non-Muslims in Cytopathological evaluation of cervical smear. Hence, this study proves that in Muslim community the prevalence of cervical dysplasia is less. It is also recommended that reporting should be done by using The Bethesda System, as it improves the reproducibility and plays a key role in diagnosis of various intraepithelial lesions at an early stage.

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To explain the origin and continuation of life, Scholars of Unani (Greco-Arab) System of Medicine proposed the theory of Al-Arkan/Arkan or Anasir (element) (wrongly interpreted and correlated with modern Elemental theory). This theory was being criticized mostly for its contents in present scenario. But critics hardly think of the spirit of theory. They simply criticized its wording without context and relation in which it was proposed. The very first word which drawn maximum attention was “simplest” in this theory and we always put it for matter while it is for status. This word was supplied for elementary participation of the Arkan in origin and continuation of life.

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